Research Article
Investigation into the Anti-oxidant and Anti-Tumor Activity of the Bovine Serum Albumin Nanoparticles Containing Grape Seed Polyphenols Fabricated by Desolvation Method
Su-Chol Rim,
Su-Ung Jang,
Gyong-Man Rim,
Chol An,
Kwang-Il To*
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, December 2025
Pages:
55-62
Received:
26 September 2025
Accepted:
25 October 2025
Published:
24 December 2025
Abstract: Grape seed polyphenols (GPP) have been known to have various pharmaceutical activities including anti-oxidant and anti-tumor activity. However, its clinical application is hindered by low stability and bioavailability. One of the most common methods for solving these problems is to use different types of carriers. Recently, protein based drug delivery system has gained a great interest. In this study, bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles loaded GPP were manufactured by desolvation method. Several characteristics such as the average size, shape, releasing behavior and stability under UV light were tested by different techniques. Anti-oxidant activity of BSA-GPP nanoparticles were compared to free GPP. In addition, anti-tumor activity was also studied in mice model injected sarcoma-180 cells. The result showed that the shape of prepared BSA-GPP nanoparticles was spherical with the average size of 207.02nm. GPP were released by a diffusion from the nanoparticles. The nanoparticles loaded GPP showed relatively higher stability under UV condition. BSA-GPP nanoparticles maintained longer in vitro antioxidant activity than free GPP. Importantly, tumor inhibition rate of BSA-GPP nanoparticles was 84%, which was much higher than that of free GPP. In summary, BSA nanoparticles had a high potential to be used as a carrier for improving stability and increasing bioavailability of GPP.
Abstract: Grape seed polyphenols (GPP) have been known to have various pharmaceutical activities including anti-oxidant and anti-tumor activity. However, its clinical application is hindered by low stability and bioavailability. One of the most common methods for solving these problems is to use different types of carriers. Recently, protein based drug deliv...
Show More
Research Article
Long COVID-19: Electronic Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 Envelope Protein Using DFT as a Basis for Therapeutic Hypothesis
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, December 2025
Pages:
63-68
Received:
24 November 2025
Accepted:
5 December 2025
Published:
29 December 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.jddmc.20251104.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Long COVID, or post-COVID-19, is emerging as a prevalent and complex syndrome affecting a significant percentage of patients who have recovered from the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The viral envelope protein (E), a 75 amino acid ion channel, is a crucial structural component involved in viral pathogenesis. This study employs density functional theory (DFT) principles to calculate global reactivity descriptors of the short hydrophilic N-terminal domain of the E protein. The results indicate an ionization potential (IP) of 6.47eV, an electron affinity (EA) of 4.39eV, and a molecular hardness (η) of 1.04eV, suggesting moderate to high chemical reactivity. An electrophilicity (ω) value of 14.17eV reveals a marked tendency to accept electrons. These electronic descriptors, along with the described biological functions of the E protein, such as its role in viral assembly, budding, and modulation of the host inflammatory response, position it as a promising therapeutic target. We also report on the reactivity sites (HOMO-LUMO) present in the short hydrophilic N-terminal domain. Inhibition of the E protein could alter key viral processes and attenuate the immune dysregulation underlying persistent COVID-19, opening new avenues for rational drug design.
Abstract: Long COVID, or post-COVID-19, is emerging as a prevalent and complex syndrome affecting a significant percentage of patients who have recovered from the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The viral envelope protein (E), a 75 amino acid ion channel, is a crucial structural component involved in viral pathogenesis. This study employs density functi...
Show More
